Designing and Explaining Social Procurement Model to Reduce Poverty in Supporting Organizations: Conceptualization, Effective Factors and Consequences

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D., Department of Public Administration, Bandar Deylam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Deylam, Iran

2 Assistant Prof., Department of Public Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Objective:Inthe new public governance era, some governments create social values such as reduce poverty and unemployment through social procurement policies and use it as an important lever to achieve various social goals. This study's purpose was to identify and explain factors influencing the formation and implementation of social procurement to reduce poverty in Fars province support organizations.
Methods: This study is qualitative research and uses grounded theory methodology. For gathering analytical data, semi-structured interviews were done with 20 persons who were university professors, managers and experts of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation (IKRF) and state Welfare Organization (SWOI) in Fars Province, as the statistical samples selected through purposive sampling method. The transcribed interviews were then analyzed based on three stages of open, axial, and selective coding.
Results: The results revealed that community-oriented policing was the core phenomenon and it had induced the creation of social procurement while interacting with other factors. The relationship between these factors was also presented in the final model. Accordingly, community-oriented planning, partnership policy development, and multi-purpose policing can have significant effects on the creation of procurement policy. Ultimately, this point of view is taken into account as a foundation for developing the phenomenon of social procurement.
Conclusion: Social procurement through synergies in society can achieve valuable outcomes such as poverty reduction, social capital development, innovative responses to social needs, promoting social health, public resource and benefits optimization and target groups empowerment.

Keywords


Abbaszadeh, M., Abbaszadeh, M. (2012). Validity and reliability in qualitative researches. Journal of Applied Sociology, 23(1), 19-34. (in Persian)
Arrowsmith, S. (2010). Horizontal policies in public procurement: A taxonomy. Journal of Public Procurement, 10(2), 149–186. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511576041.006.
Barraket, J., & Weissman, J. (2009). Social procurement and its implications for social enterprise: A literature review. (Working Paper No. CPNS48). Retrieved from http://eprints.qut.edu. au/29060/ (Accessed 28th May 2015)
Barraket, J., Keast, R. & Furneaux, C. (2016). Social procurement and new public governance, st Edition, Routledge, NY.
Bovaird, T. (2006). Developing new forms of partnership with the ‘market’ in the procurement of public services. Public Administration. 84(1), 81–102. doi: 10.1111/j.0033-3298.2006.00494.x.
Buy Social Canada (2018). A Guide to Social Procurement. Available in: https://ccednet-rcdec.ca/sites/ccednet-rcdec.ca/files/buy_social_canada_social_procurement_guide.pdf.
Cision (2018). The Government of Canada Encourages Community Employment Benefits through Infrastructure Projects, News Releases (blog), June 22, 2018, https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/the-government-of-canada-encourages-community-employmentbenefits-through-infrastructure-projects-686257621.html.
City of Victoria (2017). Social Enterprise and Social Procurement Task Force. Available in:  http://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/city/mayor-council-committees/task-forces/social-enterprise-and-social-procurement-task-force.html.
Costa, B.B.F.D., & Motta, A.L.T.S.D. (2019). Key factors hindering sustainable procurement in the Brazilian public sector: A Delphi study. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 14(2), 152-171. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V14 N2-152-171
Danaeifard, H. (2011). Strategies of Theory Building, Tehran: SAMT. (in Persian)
Delmonicoa, D., Chiappetta Jabbourb, C. J., Farias Pereirac, S. C., De Sousa Jabbourb, A B L., Renwickd, D. W. S. (2018). Unveiling barriers to sustainable public procurement in emerging conomies: Evidence from a leading sustainable supply chain initiative in Latin America, Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 134, 70–79.
Edler, J. and Yeow, J. (2016). Connecting demand and supply: the role of intermediation in public procurement of innovation. Research Policy, 45(2), 414-426.
Erridge, A. (2007). Public procurement, public value and the Northern Ireland Unemployment Pilot Project. Public Administration, 85(4), 1023–1043.
European Commission (2016). Thresholds, 13 October, available at: https://ec.europa.eu/ growth/single-market/public-procurement/rules-implementation/thresholds_en
Furneaux, C., & Barraket, J. (2014). Purchasing social good(s): A definition and typology of social procurement. Public Money & Management34(4), 265–272.
Grandia, J. & Meehan, J. (2017). Public procurement as a policy tool: using procurement to reach desired outcomes in society. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 30(4), 302-309.
Hall, P. D. (2011). Historical perspectives on nonprofit organizations in the United States. In R. D. Herman, & Associates (Eds.), The Jossey-Bass handbook of non-profit leadership and management (2nd ed., pp. 3–38). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Iman, M. T. (2015). Philosophy of Human Research Method. Qom: Research Institute of Hawzeh and University. (in Persian
Kamruzzaman, M. D. (2012). Sustainable Procurement: Scope and Practice in the Public Sector in Bangladesh.  Dissertation for the Degree of Masters in Procurement and Supply Management, Institute of Governance Studies, BRAC University. 
Lepage, D. (2014). Exploring Social Procurement. Accelerating Social Impact CCC, Ltd. https://ccednet-rcdec.ca/sites/ccednet-rcdec.ca/files/ccednet/exploring-social-procurement_asi-ccc-report.pdf.
 Loosemore, M. (2016). Social procurement in UK construction projects. International Journal of Project Management, 34(2), 133-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.10.005.
Mcmurray, A.J., Islam, M.M., Siwar, C., Fien, J., (2013). Sustainable procurement in Malaysian organisations: practices, barriers and opportunities. J. Purchasing Supply Manage. 20 (3), 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2014.02.005.
Mendoza Jiménez, J.; Hernández López, M., Franco Escobar, S.E., (2019). Sustainable Public Procurement: From Law to Practice. Sustainability, 11, 63-88.
Montalbán-Domingo, L., García-Segura, T., Amalia Sanz, M., Pellicer, E. (2019). Social Sustainability in Delivery and Procurement of Public Construction Contracts, Journal of Management in Engineering, 35(2), 04018065-11. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000674.
Munoz, S.A. (2009). Social enterprise and public sector voices on procurement. Social Enterprise Journal, 5(1), 69–82. doi:10.1108/17508610910956417
Mupanemunda, M. (2019). Social procurement Creating employment opportunities through purchasing expenditure. Research & Policycentrehttp://library.bsl.org.au/jspui/bitstream /1/11417/1/Mupanemunda_Social_procurement_2019.pdf.
Newman, W. L. (2017). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approachs. (Translated by Abolhassan Faghihi and Asal Aghaz). Tehran: Termeh Publishing.
(in Persian)
Osborne, S. P. (2010). The new public governance: Emerging perspectives on the theory and practice of public governance. London: Routledge.
Roman, A.V. (2017). Institutionalizing sustainability: a structural equation model of sustainable procurement in US public agencies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 1048 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.014.
Safari Dashtaki, M., Zare, R., sharafiyan, Y. (2018). Designing and explaining the model of electronic financial crowdsourcing in social supports A survey in Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, Fars province. Iranian journal of management sciences, 13(52), 70-90.
(in Persian)
Schulten, T., Alsos, K., Burgess, P., & Pedersen, K. (2012). Pay and other Social clauses in European public procurement: An overview on regulation and practices with a focus on Denmark, Germany, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Study on behalf of the European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU) Düsseldorf, December
Social Procurement Action Group (SPAG) (2012). Social Procurement in NSW: A Guide to Achieving Social Value through Public Sector Procurement. https://www.socialtraders.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Social-Procurement-in-NSW-Full-Guide.pdf.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
Temple, N. (2013). The Social Value Act is opening doors and encouraging cross-sector working, but there are still challenges, says Nick Temple, theguardian.com. Tuesday 24 September 2013.
Uyarra, E. (2016). The impact of public procurement of innovation. In Edler, J., Cunningham, P., Gök, A. and Shapira, P. (Eds), Handbook of Innovation Policy Impact, Edward Elgar, pp. 355-381.
Van Lange, P. A. M., De Cremer, D., Van Dijk, E., & Van Vugt, M. (2007). Self-interest and beyond: Basic principles of social interaction. In A. Kruglanski, & E. Higgins, (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed.) (pp. 540–561). New York: Guilford.
Victorian Government (2018). Victoria’s social procurement framework Building a fair, inclusive and sustainable Victoria through procurementhttps://www.buyingfor.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-08/Victorias-Social-Procurement-Framework.PDF
Zare, R., Safari, M. (2019). Analysis of Factors Affecting Incidence of Poverty in Families Receiving Support from Aid Organizations: A Case Study of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Fars Province, Iran. Refahj, 19 (74), 47-96. (in Persian)