The Effect of Structural Capital on the Reduction of Administrative Corruption Considering the Mediating Role of Individual Motives for Committing Corruption (Case Study: Kerman Province Governmental Agencies)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Prof., Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Assistant Prof., Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

3 M.A. Student, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

Abstract

Objective: Combating and reducing governmental corruption is a permanent concern of the rulers and a variety of approaches and instruments have been used to achieve this goal. While the majority of solutions are focused on the consequences and post-control, the new approaches emphasize the designing of pre-control and controlling systems and laws that are known as structural capital. This research studies the effect of structural capital on reducing corruption with the mediating role of individual motivations in governmental departments of Kerman province in Iran.
Methods: The present descriptive-exploratory research is applied in terms of purpose and is based on the deductive research and positivism paradigm in term of philosophy. The statistical population of the study was 1817 employees of   different governmental departments of Kerman province. Based on the Morgan table, a sample of 317 employees was selected based on stratified random sampling. In order to measure the variables of the research, Bechini’s structural capitalization questionnaire (2015), Afzali’s corruption (2011) and the individual motivations of Khotbe Sara's companion (2004) have been used. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and for data analysis, structural equation modeling and PLS software were used.
Results: Findings of the research show that structural capital has a significantly positive effect on reducing corruption and personal incentives in committing corruption.
Conclusion: The results showed that structural capital affects both directly and also through individual motivations on the reduction of administrative corruption in governmental agencies.

Keywords

Main Subjects


References
Abazari Fomeni, M. (2013). Terminology in New rights. Qa'im Shahr: Shahid Dariush Nourolahi's publication. (in Persian)
Afzali, A. (2012). Official Corruption and Its Effect on Development: Causes and Solutions. International Law Review, 28(45), 235-264. (in Persian)
Aguilera, R.V., & Vadera, A.K. (2008). The Dark Side of Authority: Antecedents, Mechanisms, and Outcomes of Organizational Corruption. Journal of Business Ethics, 77(4), 431–449.
Alatza's, S. H. (2006). The autonomous, the universal and the future of sociology. Current Sociology, 54(1), 7-23.
Alipoor, Z., Sardardonighi, S., Lotfidekhrghani, L. (2012). Reviewing Mediating Roles Relationships Between Human Resource Managers’ Responsibilities and Organizational Performance of Intellectual Capitals Upon. Journal of Research in Human Resources Management, 3(2), 111-132. (in Persian)
Alvani, S.M., Jafareh, M. (1998). Provide a theoretical model for controlling and controlling corruption. Economics and Management, 10(1), 87-109. (in Persian)
Alvani, S.M., ghorbanizadeh, V., Eslampanah, M. (2017). Prioritize effective measures to deter corruption by relying on Islamic teachings. Journal of Public Administration, 9(2), 283-306. (in Persian)
Bchini, B. (2015). Intellectual capital and value creation in the Tunisian manufacturing companies. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 783-791.
Chen, J., Zhu, Z., & Xie, H.Y. (2004). Measuring intellectual capital: a new model and empirical study. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(1), 195-212.
Darvish, H., Azimi Zachekani, F. (2016). The effect on reducing corruption organization Transparency mediated by organizational trust studied Khordad hospital staff Varamin. Journal of Public Administration, 8(1), 153-166. (in Persian)
DeGroot, J.I.M., Wokje, A., & Kayleigh, J. (2013). Persuasive Normative Messages: The Influence of Injunctive and Personal Norms on Using Free Plastic Bags. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5 (1), 195-212.
Dong, B., Dulleck, U., & Torgler, B. (2012). Conditional corruption. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(3), 609-627.
Ghezel, A., Ramazan, M., & Zahedi, M. (2013) .A Conceptual Framework for Structural Capital Measurement at the University. Quarterly of Growth and Technology of Parks and Growth Centers, 10(37), 53-63. (in Persian)
Gorsira, M., Denkers, A., & Huisman, W. (2016). Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption among Public Officials and Business Employees. Journal of Business Ethics, 1–16.
Grieger, J. (2005). Corruption in organizations: some outlines for research. Working paper, no. 203. Department of economics and social sciences, University of Wuppertal.
Hamdami Khodaba Sarah, A. (2004). Financial Corruption (Causes, Context, and Strategies for Combat), Research Institute for Strategic Studies. (in Persian)
Han, C., Ma, L., & Luying, G. (2011). The Research on Application of Information Technology in sports Stadiums. Physics Procedia, 22, 604–609.
Hashemi, S., & Pourminizadeh, S. (2011). Administrative corruption and strategies to combat it. Journal of Trading Studies, (50), 52-71. (in Persian)
Hu, X. (2015). Effectiveness of information technology in reducing corruption in China: A validation of the DeLone and McLean information systems success model. The Electronic Library, 33 (1), 52-64.
Jha, C., and Biibhudtta, P. (2017). Indvidualism and corruption: A cross-country Analysis. Ecottomic papers: A journal of Applied Economic and policy, 36, 60-74.
Khorshidi, A. (2011). Editor's Guide dissertation and thesis. Tehran: Yastron Publications.
(in Persian)
Khulida, K., Tan, F., Johanim, J., and Nur, A. (2015). The Perception of Gen Y on Organizational Culture, Religiosity and Corruption in Malaysian Public Organizations, international accounting and business conference, procardia economics and finance. 31, 251 – 261.
Kim, S., and Vandenabeele, W. (2010). A Strategy for Building Public Service Motivation Research Internationally, Public Administration Review, 70(5), 701-709.
Lambsdorff, J. G. (2006). Causes and Consequences of Corruption; in SR Ackerman, International Handbook on Economics of Corruption.
Lederman, D., Loayza, N.V., & Soares, R.R. (2005). Accountability and corruption: Political institutions matter. Economics & Politics, 17, 1–35.
Liiv, M. (2004). Causes of Administrative Corruption: Hypotheses for Central and Eastern Europe, Unpublished Master dissertation [MPA].
Lord, N., and Michael L. (2016). Organizing the Finances for and the Finances from Transnational Corporate Bribery. European Journal of Criminology, 14, 365–389.
Mbaku, J. M. (2008). Corruption clean ups in Africa: Lessons from public choice. Journal of Asia and African studies, 43, 427-456.
Mirsapasi, N. (1990). Strategic Human Resource Management and Work Relationships (with an Attitude to the Globalization Process). (Second Edition), Tehran: Mir .(in Persian)
Moon, Y. J., & Kym, H. G. (2006). A model for the value of intellectual capital. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration. 23(3), 253-269.
Neu, D., Everett, J., & Rahaman, A. (2015). Preventing Corruption within Government Procurement: Constructing the Disciplined and Ethical Subject, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 28, 49-61.
Nguyen, T.V., Bach, T.N., Le, T.Q., & Le, C.Q. (2017). Local governance, corruption, and public service quality: evidence from a national survey in Vietnam. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 30(2), 137-153.
Nikoukar, G., Asgari, N., Gholami, M., Rahimi, E. (2014). The Role of Intellectual Capital in Facilitating Knowledge Management Practices. Journal of Public Administration, 6(2), 401-418 .(in Persian)
Ortega-Argiles, R., Piva, M., & Vivarelli, M. (2011). Productivity Gains from R&D investment: Are high-tech sectors still ahead? IZA Discussion Papers (IZA. 59(75), 1–22.
Peppard, J. (2001). Leveraging intellectual capital at APION. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 2 (3), 225-235.
Quah, J. (2017). Learning from Singapore’s effective anti-corruption strategy: Policy recommendations for South Korea. Asian Education and Development Studies, 6 (1), 17-29.
Robbinson, M. (2006). Corruption and Development: An Introduction, London, Routledge.
Roos, G., Roos, J. (2005). The effect of disclosing intellectual capital(The core asset for the third millennium economic)on the internal and external financial statements users. Journal of intellecutual capital, 42(7), 213-228.
Rose-Ackerman, S. (2013). Anti-Corruption Policy Can: International Actors Play a Constructive Role? Carolina Academic Press, Durham, North Carolina.
Scott, James. (1972). Comparative political corruption, prentice Hall, Inc.
Sha'bani Bahar, G., Erfani, N., Azizi, A. (2011). Prediction of Organizational Effectiveness Based on Emotional Intelligence of Sport Managers in Lorestan Province. Quarterly Journal of Applied Research in Sport Management, 1(4), 93-98. (in Persian)
Shahidi's Nazam, M. (1998). Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Motivational Organizational Structure in the City and Village Economic Organization. Management Knowledge Quarterly, 11(43), 100-125. (in Persian)
Sheikhi, M. (2011). Effective factors on the health of the administrative system and the development of ethical values in it. Islam and Management Research, (2), 99-126.
(in Persian)
Shi-Ming, H., Chin-Shyh, O., Chyi-Miaw, Ch., & Binshan, L. (2006). An empirical study of relationship between its investment and firm performance: A resource – based perspective. European Journal of Operational Research, 28,167-183.
Sopelana, A., Kunc, M., & Hernaez, O.R. (2014). Towards a Dynamic Model of Organisational Flexibility. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 27(2), 165-183.
Stachowicz-Stanusch, A., & Simha, A. (2013(. An Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Ethical Climates on Organizational Corruption. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 14(1), 433–446.
Svensson, J. (2003). Who Must Pay Bribes and How Much? Evidence from a Cross Section of Firms. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118, 207–230.
Turban, E., & Mclean, E. (2002). Information technology for management. 3rd ed., John wiley & Sons.Inc.
Vergauwen, P., Van Alem, F. (2005). Annual report intellectual capital diisclosureesin the netherlands, franceand Germany. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 6 (1), 89- 104.
Wang, Y., & Hui-Hsien, H. (2013). Organizational Ethical Climate, Perceived Organizational Support, and Employee Silence: A Cross-Level Investigation. Human Relations, 66, 783–802.
Wells, C. (2014). Corporate Criminal Liability: A Ten Year Review. Criminal Law Review, 12, 849–878.
World Bank (2007). Worldwide Governance Indicators 2007: Country Data Report for Iran, 1996- 2006. Available at: www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/.
Zarei Matin, H. (2000). Principles of organization and management contingency approach. Tehran: Tehran University Press .(in Persian)
Ziaee, M., Monavvarian, A., Kazemi Kafrani, E. (2011). Survey on Relation between Social Capital and Organizational Readiness to establish Knowledge Management (Case of Steel Company). Journal of Public Administration, 3(8), 179-198 .(in Persian)