عوامل مؤثر بر عملکرد ادغام سازمان‌ها در بخش دولتی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه آموزشی مدیریت دولتی، موسسه عالی آموزش و پژوهش مدیریت و برنامه ریزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ادغام سازمان‌های دولتی نوعی تجدید ساختار در بخش دولتی و یکی از راهبردهای اصلاح نظام اداری در این بخش بوده و هست که تشکیلات جدیدی در بدنۀ دولتی ایجاد می‎کند و بر عملکرد سازمان­ها تأثیر زیادی می‎گذارد. مسئلۀ اصلی در این پژوهش، ناکامی در ادغام موفقیت‌آمیز سازمان­های دولتی در ایران است که رفع آن به بررسی علمی با رویکرد مدیریتی نیاز دارد. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر ادغام موفقیت‌آمیز سازمان‌های دولتی ایران است. روش تحقیق از نظر هدف، شناختی کاربردی و به‌لحاظ نحوۀ گردآوری داده‌ها از نوع توصیفی پیمایشی است. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش، سازمان­های ادغام‌شده در بخش دولتی ایران، به تعداد 35 دستگاه است که با توجه به جدول کرجسی و مورگان حجم نمونه 32 دستگاه انتخاب‌ شده است.داده‌های مرتبط با متغیرهای پژوهش به روش پرسشنامه­ای با مقیاس لیکرت هفت‌تایی گردآوری شد. یافته­های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که ادغام دستگاه­های­ دولتی ایران موفق نیست و «اعتمادسازی و انصاف»، «مدیریت تفاوت­ها»، «تعارض و ابهام» و «مدیریت دانش و همگرایی» عوامل مؤثر بر ادغام موفقیت­آمیز در سازمان­های ایران به شمار می­آیند. یافته­های این پژوهش می­تواند در خط‌مشی­گذاری ادغام سازمان­های دولتی به‌کار گرفته شود و مدل احصاشده در ارتقای دانش بومی کشور در زمینۀ ادغام تأثیرگذار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Influencing Merger of Iranian Public Sector Organizations

نویسنده [English]

  • Farajollah Rahnavard
Public Administration Department, Institute for Management and Planning Studies (IMPS), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Merger of state organizations is a kind of restructuring and an administrative reform strategy in Iran public sector which results in a new organization in the body of the government which has a great impact on organizational performances. The main concern of this research is the failure of merging of public sector organizations in Iran which requires its scientific review with managerial approach. This study aims at developing structural equation model for merger in Iranian public sector. In other words, in this study, we tried to identify factors affecting the successful merger of state organizations in Iran. Research methodology is applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this study consists of 35 merger organizations in Iranian public sector. A sample size of 32 organizations were selected using Morgan table, and data associated with the variables of merger performance and factors influencing successful merging were gathered using a seven-point Likert scale survey questionnaire. The results of structural equation modeling using PLS method confirmed that the merging of state organizations in Iran has not been successful so far. In addition, there are some factors affecting successful merger of state organizations in Iran including “trust making and fairness”, “management of the differences”, “conflict and ambiguity”, and “knowledge management and integration”. The findings of this research can be implemented in policy making, and the proposed model is effective in promoting domestic knowledge in the field of merger.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acquisition
  • administrative reform
  • balanced scorecard
  • Merger approach
  • Merger
کاظمی، ع.؛ رکوعی، ا. (1381). طراحی یک مدل اقتضایی برای سازمان­های بزرگ دولتی ایران. فصلنامۀ مدرس، 6(1)، 98-69.
Alao, R. O. (2010). Mergers and Acquisitions in the Nigerian Banking Industry: An Advocate of three Mega Banks. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15 (4), 554.
Anderibom A. S. & Obute, C.O. (2015). The Effects of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Performance of Commercial Banks in Nigeria: Evidenced from United Bank for Africa (UBA) plc. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(4), 93-112.
Anthony, E. J. (2008). An evaluation of growth and merger and acquisition as strategic growth options in the Nigerian banking sector. A dissertation presented in part of consideration for the degree of MA in corporate strategy and governance. University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Appelbaum, S. H., Gandell, J., Yortis, H., Proper, S., & Jobin, F. (2000). Anatomy of a merger: behavior of organizational factors and processes throughout the pre-during-post-stages (part 1). Management Decision, 38(9), 649-662.
Bacon, R. (2006). Amalgamating Tribunals: A recipe for optimal reform. Faculty of Law, University of Sydney.
Boweer, J. (2002). When We Study M&A What Are We Learning? Keynote address, M&A Summit 2002 Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Cefi, E. & Marsili, O.  )2015(. Crossing the innovation threshold through mergers and acquisitions. Research Policy. 44(3), 698-710.
Creasey, T. & Stise, R.) 2016(. Best Practices in Change Management (9th Edition). Prosci Inc.
DePamphilis, D.M. (2010). Mergers, Acquisitions, and other Restructuring Activities: an Intgrated Approcach to Process, Tools, Cases, and Solutions (Fifth edition). Academic Press, London.
DeSario, N. J. (2003). Reconceptualizing Meritocracy:The Decline of Disparate Impact Discrimination Law. Harvard civil rights-civil liberties law review, 38(2), 479.
Devin, K. & Reshef, Y. (1998). Union Merger Support: A Trade of two Theories, Relations Industrials, 53(3), 1-42.
Hair, J.F., Ringle, C.M., Sinkovics, R.R. (2011). PLS-SEM Indeed a Silver Bullet, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19 (2), 134-147.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (1996). Translating Strategy into Action: the Balanced Scorecard. USA: Harvard Business School Press.
Kaplan, S. (2000). Mergers and Productivity, National Bureau of Economic Research. USA: the University of Chicago Press.
Kazemi, A. & Rokuei, A. (2002). Developing a Contingency Model for Public Sector Organizations in Iran. Journal of Modares, 6(1), 69-98. (in Persian)
King, W. R. (2009). Knowledge Management Learning and Organizational, Springer US.
Krug, J.A. & Aguilera, R.A. (2005). Top Management Team Turnover in Mergers and Acquisitions. In Cooper C.L. and Finkelstein S. (2005). Advances in Mergers and Acquisitions, 4, 123–151.
Kusstatscher V. & Cooper C.L. (2005). Managing Emotions in Mergers and Acquisitions, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Larsson R., Brousseau, K.R., Driver, M.J. & Sweet, P.L. (2004). The Secrets of Merger and Acquisition Success: A Co-Competence and Motivational Approach to Synergy Realization, in Pablo A.L. and Javidan M. (eds.), Mergers and Acquisitions: Creating Integrative knowledge, USA: Blackwell Publishing.
Larsson, R. & Finkelstein, S. (1999). Integrating Strategic, Organizational, and Human Resource Perspectives on Mergers and Acquisitions: A Case Survey of Synergy Realization, Organization Science, 10(1), 1-26.
Lawshe, C.H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28, 563–575
Lebudi, T.J. (2010). Change management problems in multi-organizations merger. Pretoria: University of South Africa.
Niven, P.R. (2008). Balanced Scorecard: Step by Step for Government and Nonprofit Agencies, USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Owen, G., Pittman, B., Kelly, L. M., & Reed, R. (2012). Success factors in nonprofit mergers: A study of 41 direct service organization mergers in Minnesota, 1999-2010. Saint Paul, MN: Amherst H. Wilder Foundation.
Pautler, P. A. (2003). The effects of mergers and post-merger integration: a review of business consulting literature. Federal Trade Commission, Bureau of Economics, Draft paper. http://www.ftc. gov/be/rt/businesreviewpaper.
Pietroburgo, J., & Wernet, S. P. (2008). Bowling together: Anatomy of a successful association merger. Center for Nonprofit Strategy and Management Working Paper Series.
Recklies, O. (2001). Vision as key Factor in Merger Processes. Retrieved from http://www.themanager.org.
Riketta, M., & van Dick, R. (2005). Foci of attachment in organizations: A meta-analytic comparison of the strength and correlates of workgroup versus organizational identification and commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67, 490–510.
Rosenfeld, R.A., Reese, L.A. (2003). The anatomy of an amalgamation in the case of Ottawa. The official journal of the section on intergovernmental administration & management, 35(1), 57-69.
Saunders, M.N.K., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2003). Research Methods for Business Students (3rd Ed).Harlow: FT Prentice Hall.
Schmeer, K. (1999). Stakeholder analysis guidelines. Policy toolkit for strengthening health sector reform.
Sherman, A. J., & Hart, M.A. (2006). Mergers & Acquisitions: from A to Z, New York: American Management Association.
Sitkin, S.B., Pablo, A.L. (2004). Leadership and the M & A Process. In Pablo A.L. and Javidan M. (eds.), Mergers and Acquisitions: Creating Integrative knowledge, USA: Blackwell Publishing.
Skodvin, O-J. (1999). Mergers in Higher Education – Success or Failure? Tertiary Education and Management, (5), 65-80.
Stahl, G. K. & Mendenhall, M. E. eds. (2005). Mergers and Acquisitions – Managing Culture and Human Resources. Stanford Business Books.
Stahl, G. K. & Voigt, A. (2005). Impact of Cultural Differences on Member and Acquisition Performance: A Critical Research Review and an Integrative Model. In Cooper, C.L. and Finkelstein, S. eds, (2005). Advances in Mergers and Acquisitions, Volume 4, Elsevier Ltd, New York.
Streatfield, P. (2001).The paradox of control in organizations. Routledge, London.
Teerikangas, S. (2007). A comparative Overview of the Impact of Cultural Diversity on Inter-Organisational Encounters. In Cooper C.L. and Finkelstein S. (2007). Advances in Mergers and Acquisitions, Elsevier Ltd, New York.
Thomas, L.T., & Ben-Hur, S. (2004). The Role of the Corporate Academy in Mergers and Acquisitions. In Pablo A.L. and Javidan M. (eds.), Mergers and Acquisitions: Creating Integrative knowledge, USA: Blackwell Publishing.
Tienari, J. & Vaara, E.  (2016(. Identity Construction in Mergers and Acquisitions: a Discursive Sensemaking Perspective. In: Pratt, M., Schultz, M., Ashforth, B. E. & Ravasi, D., eds. The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ullrich, J., & van Dick, R. (2007). The Group Psychology of Mergers and Acquisitions: Lessons from the Social Identity Approach. In Cooper C.L. and Finkelstein S. (2007). Advances in Mergers and Acquisitions, Elsevier Ltd, New York.