عوامل تعیین کنندة شکاف دیجیتالی (مطالعة موردی: شهروندان شهر رفسنجان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مدیریت، دانشکدة مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار مدیریت، دانشکدة علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه ولی عصر(عج)، رفسنجان، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت دولتی، دانشکدة علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج)، رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

در دو دهۀ اخیر، شکاف دیجیتالی به­معنای فاصلة بین افرادی که به رایانه و اینترنت دسترسی دارند و افرادی که از این دسترسی محروم‌اند، به‌‌عنوان یکی از بزرگ‌‌ترین چالش‌های عصر دیجیتال مطرح شده است. با توجه به آثار مخرب اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و سیاسی مترتب بر این نوع نابرابری- که به­زعم بسیاری از صاحب­نظران، عمیق‌تر از نابرابری‌های سنتی است- این تحقیق، با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر شکاف دیجیتالی در سطح شهروندان شهر رفسنجان انجام شده است. این پژوهش از نظر ماهیت، همبستگی، از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از منظر شیوة گردآوری داده‌ها، توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش، مجموعة شهروندان شهر رفسنجان است و در آن، به روش نمونه­گیری خوشه‌ای، وضعیت 501 نفر از شهروندان، به روش مدل­سازی معادله­های ساختاری تحلیل شده است. براساس نتایج، عوامل اقتصادی و زیرساختی، به‌‌‌‌طور مستقیم و عامل فرهنگی، از طریق نقش میانجی دسترسی انگیزشی، بر شکاف دیجیتالی تأثیر می‌گذارند. در مقایسة عوامل مختلف، نقش عامل فرهنگی، مهم‌تر از عوامل اقتصادی و زیرساختی است. تمامی متغیرهای مورد بررسی، 3/55 درصد از تغییرهای دسترسی فیزیکی را تبیین می‌کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determinants of the digital divide (Case study: Rafsanjan citizens)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Taher Roshandel Arbatani 1
  • Hosein Kazemi 2
  • Fahime Haj Esmaeili 3
1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, Vali-e-asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran
3 MSc. Student in Public Administration, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, Vali-e-asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the last two decades, digital divide, defined as the gap between the people who can access PCs and internet and those who cannot, has been proposed as one of the biggest challenges of digital age. Considering that the economic, cultural, social, and political by-products of such a gap are viewed by many scholars to be more damaging than traditional gaps, the present research strives to detect the factors affecting this gap in Rafsanjan city. The present paper  is correlational in terms of nature, and applied in terms of objective, using descriptive-survey method for data collection. Using cluster sampling, the situation of 501 citizens, selected randomly, was analyzed using structural equation modelling. The results indicate that economic and infrastructural factors affect the gap directly, while culture acts as a mediator that affects the gap via motivational access. Comparing different factors reveal that the cultural factor is more significant than economic and infrastructural factors. All the investigated variables can explain 55.3 percent of the physical access variation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digital Divide
  • economic factor
  • infrastructure factor
  • motivational access
  • Physical Access

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