JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.305523.2771 مقاله علمی پژوهشی طراحی الگوی مرحله‌ای مدیریت بحران با رویکرد ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب طراحی الگوی مرحله‌ای مدیریت بحران با رویکرد ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب موهبتی زهان حسین دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران. یعقوبی نورمحمد استاد، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران. محمدی محمد استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران. محمودزاده واشان مهدی استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 175 203 02 07 2020 22 08 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79471.html

هدف: طی سال‌های اخیر، ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی به‌عنوان یکی از رویکردهای استفاده‌شده در مدیریت بحران مطرح شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه الگوی مرحله‌ای مدیریت بحران با رویکرد ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب انجام شده است. روش: در این پژوهش، از راهبرد تحلیل محتوای کیفی با رویکرد قیاسی در چارچوب پژوهشی اسنادی استفاده شده و برای اجرای تحلیل محتوای کیفی نیز با روش فراترکیب، تدوین چارچوب کدگذاری مناسب انجام شده است. یافته‌ها: در این پژوهش، عوامل مؤثر بر مدیریت بحران با رویکرد ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی در چهار دسته «عوامل مرتبط با مرحله پیشگیری و کاهش اثرهای بحران»، «عوامل مرتبط با مرحله آمادگی در برابر بحران»، «عوامل مرتبط با مرحله مقابله با بحران» و «عوامل مرتبط با مرحله بازسازی و بازتوانی پس از بحران» جای داده شدند. هر یک از این مراحل از زیربخش‌هایی تشکیل شدند. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به اینکه تاکنون، در رابطه با الگوی پنج‌مرحله‌ای ارائه‌ شده در این پژوهش برای مدیریت بحران با تأکید بر ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی در کشور، مدلی جامع و گام‌به‌گام ارائه نشده است، این پژوهش می‌تواند برای اجرای مدیریت بحران با رویکرد ظرفیت‌سازی جوامع محلی در کشور نقشه راه جامع و مناسبی باشد.

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JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.303652.2755 مقاله علمی پژوهشی واکاوی ویژگی‌های دولت به‌مثابه ‌پلتفرم با استفاده از مرور نظام‌مند و فراترکیب واکاوی ویژگی‌های دولت به‌مثابه ‌پلتفرم با استفاده از مرور نظام‌مند و فراترکیب یخچالی مهدی دانشجوی دکتری،‌ گروه مدیریت دولتی،‌ پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران. طهماسبی رضا استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی،‌ پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران. لطیفی میثم دانشیار، مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه امام صادق (ع)، تهران، ایران. فرجی ملائی امین استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 204 237 18 06 2020 21 09 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79472.html

هدف: ایده دولت به‌مثابه پلتفرم با الهام از کسب‌و‌کارهای پلتفرمی اینترنتی، مدعی است که می‌‌تواند موجب تحول در رویکرد دولت به خدمات عمومی و در نتیجه بهبود کیفیت خدمات دولتی و در عین حال کاهش هزینه شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی ویژگی‌های دولت ‌به‌‌مثابه‌ پلتفرم و ارائه چارچوبی مفهومی از ویژگی‌ها و برداشت‌های مختلف از آن است. روش: این پژوهش از نوع کیفی بوده و روش انجام آن، مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات با استفاده از رویکرد فراترکیب برای تحلیل داده‌های مستخرج از منابع منتخب است. در نهایت، در فرایند مرور نظام‌مند، 38 منبع برای تحلیل کیفی و کدگذاری انتخاب و استفاده شدند. یافته‌ها: در نتیجه تجمیع و دسته‌بندی کدهای احصاشده، تعداد 29 مفهوم (ویژگی) شکل گرفت که با توجه به جنس، در سه مقوله‌ ویژگی‌های ذاتی، فنی و اجرایی دسته‌بندی شدند. به این ترتیب، برخی ویژگی‌های دولت به‌مثابه پلتفرم عبارت‌اند از: باز بودن، داده‌محوری، استفاده از منابع مشترک، خاصیت شبکه‌ای، توانمندسازی، شهروندمحوری، پودمانی (ماژولار) بودن، تعامل‌پذیری، سادگی، شکل‌گیری تدریجی، استفاده از بهترین‌های موجود و... . نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس این پژوهش، برداشت‌های مختلف از این مفهوم به‌معنای تفاوت و تمایز کامل برداشت‌ها از این مفهوم نیست، بلکه از کنار هم قرار گرفتن برخی ویژگی‌های ذاتی، فنی و اجرایی، سه نوع زاویه نگاه به‌مفهوم دولت ‌به‌مثابه‌ پلتفرم شکل گرفته است که عبارت‌اند از: دولت به‌مثابه پلتفرم فناوری، دولت به‌مثابه پلتفرم داده و دولت به‌مثابه اکوسیستم نوآوری. در این پژوهش تلاش شده تا ضمن احصای ویژگی‌های مشترک، تفاوت این برداشت‌ها در قالب چارچوب مفهومی جامعی نیز مشخص شود.

 دولت ‌به‌مثابه‌ پلتفرم دولت دیجیتال حکمرانی باز مرور نظام‌مند فراترکیب ابوالمعالی، فاطمه السادات؛ دانش‌فرد، کرم‌اله؛ پورعزت، علی اصغر (1399). الگویی برای شناسایی پیش‌ران‌های کاربست مدل حکومت باز در دستگاه‌های اجرایی ایران (مورد مطالعه: وزارت کشور). مدیریت دولتی، 12(1)، 142-171. اورایلی، تیم (2010). دولت ‌به‌مثابه ‌پلتفرم. حکومت باز، همکاری، شفافیت و مشارکت در عمل. تهران: اندیشکده شفافیت برای ایران. دقتی، عادله؛ یعقوبی، نورمحمد؛ کمالیان، امین‌رضا؛ دهقانی، مسعود (1398). ارائه الگوی توسعه مرحله‌ای حکمرانی شبکه‌ای با استفاده از رویکرد فراترکیب. مدیریت دولتی، 11(2)، 203–230. سرعتی، نرجس؛ باباشاهی، جبار؛ یزدانی، حمیدرضا؛ کریمی، تورج (1397). ارائه مدلی برای شکل‌گیری هم‌سویی افقی بین اقدامات مدیریت منابع انسانی. فصلنامه مدیریت منابع انسانی در صنعت نفت، 10 (38)، 3- 38. کشتکار، عباس (1396). چگونه یک مقاله مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز را بخوانیم؟ تهران: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران. مانیان، امیر؛ موسی خانی، محمد؛ حسن زاده، علیرضا؛ جامی پور، مونا (1393). طراحی مدل بلوغ مدیریت دانش هم‌راستا با استراتژی‌های کسب‌و‌کار: با استفاده از روش فراترکیب. مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، 6(2)، 307-332. 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In Communications in Computer and Information Science (Vol. 947, pp. 439–454). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Al-Ani, A. (2017). Government as a Platform: Services, Participation and Policies. In M. Friedrichsen & Y. Kamalipour (Eds.). Digital Transformation in Journalism and News Media (pp. 179–196). Springer International Publishing. Barns, S. (2018). Smart cities and urban data platforms: Designing interfaces for smart governance. City, Culture and Society, 12(2018), 5–12. Bartlett, D. (2018). Government as a Platform. In J. Wanna & S. Vincent (Eds.), Opening Government, Transparency and Engagement in the Information Age (pp. 37–44). Australia: ANU Press. Bisogno, R. (2017). Problem-Solving in Homeland Security and Creating Policy Conditions for Enhanced Civic Engagement: An Examination of Crowdsourcing Models. Homeland Security Affairs. Naval Postgraduate School, Center for Homeland Defense and Security, Monterey, California, USA. Bracken, M. 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Presenting a Phased Development Pattern of Network Governance Using a Meta-synthesis Approach. Journal of Public Administration, 11(2), 203-230. (in Persian) Di Maio, A. (2010). From e-government to a-govermment. Retrieved February 24, 2017, from http://blogs.gartner.com/andrea_dimaio/2010/09/23/from-e-government-to-a-govermment/ Dupont, J. (2018). The Smart State, Redesigning government in the era of intelligent services (978-1-910812-47-1). Policy Exchange. London, England: Policy Exchange. Retrieved from www.policyexchange.org.uk Eaves, D., Pope, R., & McGuire, B. (2019). Government as a Platform: How Policy Makers Should Think about the Foundations of Digital Public Infrastructure. Harvard Kennedy School Review (Vol. 19). European Commission. (2016). Analysis of the Value of New Generation of eGovernment Services and How Can the Public Sector Become an Agent of Innovation through ICT. European Union. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/system/files/ged/final_ report_ogs_web_v3.0_0.pdf Falco, E., & Kleinhans, R. (2018). Beyond Information-Sharing. A Typology of Government Challenges and Requirements for Two-Way Social Media Communication with Citizens. The Electronic Journal of E-Government, 16(1), 32–45. Fujitsu Team. (2015). Government as a Platform. Fujitsu. Fujitsu Services Ltd. Gil‐Garcia, J. R., Henman, P., & Maravilla, M. A. A. (2019). Towards “Government as a Platform”? Preliminary Lessons from Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States. In Proceedings of Ongoing Research, Practitioners, Posters, Workshops, and Projects of the International Conference EGOV-CeDEM-ePart 2019. (pp. 173–184). San Benedetto del Tronto. Gram‐Hansen, R. (2017). Digital Services and Sustainable Solutions: Government as a Platform. In H. Geng (Ed.), Internet of things and data analytics handbook (pp. 38–39). New Jersey, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Greenaway, N. 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JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.303234.2742 مقاله علمی پژوهشی تأثیر توانمندسازی ساختاری بر فرسودگی شغلی در دانشگاه‌های دولتی ایران: نقش حلقوی رفتار شهروندی فردی و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی تأثیر توانمندسازی ساختاری بر فرسودگی شغلی در دانشگاه‌های دولتی ایران: نقش حلقوی رفتار شهروندی فردی و رفتار شهروندی سلطانی نژاد جواد دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمان، ایران. سلاجقه سنجر استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمان، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 238 262 15 06 2020 23 08 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79473.html

هدف: در این پژوهش قصد بر این است تا تأثیر توانمندسازی ساختاری بر فرسودگی شغلی بررسی شده و نقش حلقوی رفتار شهروندی فردی و سازمانی که به‌عنوان میانجی در رابطه بین این دو متغیر ایفا می‌شود، آشکار شود. روش: این پژوهش توصیفی از جامعه آماری متشکل از اعضای هیئت علمی در سراسر ایران است. با توجه به حجم نمونه که برابر با 515 نفر است، در مجموع 580 پرسش‌نامه بین پاسخ‌گویانی که به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای دومرحله‌ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند، توزیع و520 پرسش‌نامه جمع‌آوری شد. ابزار سنجش این پژوهش سه پرسش‌نامه استاندارد بود که روایی و پایایی آنها در آزمون‌های انجام‌شده تأیید شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که توانمندسازی ساختاری بر فرسودگی شغلی تأثیر معناداری ندارد؛ اما، رفتار شهروندی فردی و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی به‌عنوان میانجی در رابطه بین توانمندسازی ساختاری و فرسودگی شغلی، تأیید شد. نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش، علاوه بر برخی توانمندسازی‌های ساختاری در راستای توسعه تئوری، چند دستاورد کاربردی برای دانشگاه‌های دولتی ایران را نیز به همراه دارد. از جنبه کاربردی، شناختی از وضعیت متغیرهای پژوهش و روابط بین آنها ارائه کرده است که این شناخت می‌تواند مبنای برنامه‌ریزی مدیران دانشگاه‌های دولتی برای افزایش سطح توانمندسازی ساختاری اعضای هیئت علمی در این دانشگاه‌ها باشد. مبتنی بر یافته‌های این پژوهش، در این برنامه‌ریزی باید رفتار شهروندی فردی و سازمانی اعضای هیئت علمی و کاهش سطح اجرای مؤلفه‌های فرسودگی شغلی توسط مدیران مدنظر قرار گیرد.

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Men and Women of the Corporation, 2nd ed. Basic Books, New York, NY. Kaya, C., & Altınkurt, Y. (2018). Role of Psychological and Structural Empowerment in the Relationship between Teachers’ Psychological Capital and Their Levels of Burnout. Journal Education and Science, 43 (193), 63-78. Khashovi, M.S., & Bahrami, M. (2014). The role of psychological empowerment and organizational commitment in teachers. Job burnout, 3(1), 37- 54. (in Persian) Kidwell, R.E., Mossholder, K.W., & Bennett, N. (1997). Cohesiveness and organizational citizenship behavior: a multilevel analysis using work groups and individuals. Journal of Management, 23(6), 775-793. Larkin, M., Cierpial, C., Stack, J., Morrison, V., Griffith, C., (March 31, 2008). Empowerment Theory in Action: The Wisdom of Collaborative Governance "OJIN". The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(2), 1-24. Laschinger, H., Gilbert, S., Smith, L., & Leslie, K. (2010). Towards a comprehensive theory of nurse/patient empowerment: Applying Kanter’s empowerment theory to patient care. Journal of Nursing Management, 18, 4-13. Lee, K., & Allen, N.J. (2002). Organizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance: the role of affect and cognition. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 131-142. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99–113. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M.P. (1999). Take this job and love it! Psychology Today, 32(5), 50–53. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W., & Leiter, M. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Reviews of Psychology, 52, 397–422. Mehrabian, F., Baghizadeh, K., & Alizadeh, I. (2018). The relationship between empowerment, occupational burnout, and job stress among nurses in Rasht Medical Education Centers: A dataset. Journal homepage, Available in: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib Minter, L. R. (2009). Faculty Burnout. Contemporary issues in educational Research, 2(2), 1-8. Mohammadkhani, K., Mohammad Davoodi, A.H., & Razzaqparast, A. (2013). Relationship between Psychological Empowerment, Happiness with Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Islamic Azad University Staff (Tehran Science & Research Branch. Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies, 5(1), 70-81. (in Persian) Muller, M. (1996). Author Response. Journal of obstetric gynecologic and neonatal nursing, 25(16), 464. Orgambídez-Ramos, A., Borrego-Alés, Y., Vázquez-Aguado, O. & March-Amegual, J. (2017). Structural empowerment and burnout among Portuguese nursing staff: An explicative model. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(8), 616-623. Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: the good soldier syndrome. (pp. 1-43). Lexington: Lexington Books. Parizadeh, S., & Bashlideh, K. (2010). The Relationship between Structural Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Occupational Burnout. Journal of Psychology, 23(4), 1-16. (in Persian) Pejuskevic, B., Lecic-Tosevski, D., Priebe, S. &Toskovic, O. (2011). Burnout syndrome among Physician: The role of personality dimension and coping styles. Psychiatric Daubing, 23 (4), 383- 389. Peterson, U., Demerouti, E., Bergstrom, G., Samuelsson, M., Asberg, M., & Nygren, A. (2008). Burnout and physical and mental health among Swedish healthcare workers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62 (1), 84-95. Pishghadam, R., Adamsob, B., Sadafian, S. S. & Kand, F. L. (2014). Conceptions of assessment and teacher burnout. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 21(1), 34–51. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B. & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563. Rahimi Dadkan, N., Nastasizaei, N. (2016). The relationship between job compatibility and psychological empowerment and burnout of faculty members. Research in Medical Education, 8 (4), 19-28. (in Persian) Regan, L. C., Rodriguez, L. (2011). Nurse Empowerment from a Middle-Management Perspective: Nurse Managers' and Assistant Nurse Managers' Workplace Empowerment Views. The Permanent Journal, 15(1), 101-107. Roshandel Arbatani, T., Farhangi, A.A., Rabiee, A. & Radfard, S. (2017). Identifying the Factors of Affecting the Empowerment of Human Resources in Governmental Media Organizations. Public Management Quarterly, 9(3), 517-538. (in Persian) Sadeghi Boroujerdi, S. & Aliabadi, S. (2011). Investigating the situation of disengagement of faculty members of public universities in the western region of the country. First International Conference on Management, Foresight, Entrepreneurship and Industry in Higher Education. Government - Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology - University of Kurdistan. (in Persian) Sadeghian Gharaghieh, S., Shokri, S., Shakeri, Z. & Pourmojrab, G. (2016). Investigating the Impact of HRMP on Job Satisfaction (A Case in University of Tehran). Public Management Quarterly, 8(1), 167-180. (in Persian) Salimi, J., Abdi, A. (2017). On the relationship between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction of teachers: Investigating the mediator role of organizational citizenship behavior. Journal: School Psychology Article, 6(4), 70-98. (in Persian) Sarason, Y. & Banbury, C. (2004). Active Learning Facilitated by Using a Game-Show Format or Who Doesn’t Want to be a Millionaire? Journal of Management Education, 28(4), 509-518.  Schaufeli, W. B. & Enzmann, D. (1998). The burnout companion for research and practice. A critical analysis of theory, assessment, research, and interventions. Taylor & Francis. Sesen, H., Cetin, F., & Basim, N. (2011). The Effect of Burnout on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences, 1(1), 40-64. Smith, C. A., Organ, D., & Near, J.  (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68, 653-663. Soleimani, K., Sharifi, V., Tehranidoust, M. (2006). Occupational Burnout in Psychiatric Staff at Roozbeh Hospital. Advances in Cognitive Sciences, 7 (4), 36-42. (in Persian) Soltaninejad, N., Rashid, A.A., Khanifar, H. (2017). The effect of psychological empowerment and organizational support on improving the job performance of employees of the General Department of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare of Kerman Province. Journal of Cooperation and Agriculture, 7(26), 157-184. (in Persian) Tabarsa, Gh. A., & Ramin Mehr, H. (2011). Provide a model of organizational citizenship behavior. Public Management Perspective, (3), 103-117. (in Persian) Tabarsa, Gh. A., Shokoohyar, S. & Ulfat, M. (2018). 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Structural empowerment as antecedent of organisational citizenship behaviour: An empirical analysis of auxiliary nurses and midwives. Journal of Organisation & Human Behaviour, 4(4), 16- 22. Glasberg, A. L., Eriksson, S. & Norberg, A. (2007). Burnout and ‘stress of conscience’ among healthcare personnel. Journal of advance nursing, 57(4), 392-403. Guo, J., Chen, J., Fu, J., Ge, X., Chen, M. & Liu, Y. (2016). Structural empowerment, job stress and burnout of nurses in China. Applied Nursing Research, 31, 41- 45. Halbesleben, J. R. B., & Bowler, W. M. (2007). Emotional exhaustion and job performance: the mediating role of motivation. Journal of applied psychology, 92 (1), 93-106. Harrison, B. J. (1999). Are you destined to burn out? Fund Raising Management, 30(3), 25–27. Holden, L. (2001). Employee involvement and empowerment. In Human resource management:a contemporary approach. Editors Beardswell, Ian and Holden, Len, Pearson Education Limited, Harlow, pp.559-597. Honold, L. (1997). A review of the literature on employee empowerment. Empowerment in Organizations, 5(4), 202-212. Kanter, R. M. (1993). Men and Women of the Corporation, 2nd ed. Basic Books, New York, NY. Kaya, C., & Altınkurt, Y. (2018). Role of Psychological and Structural Empowerment in the Relationship between Teachers’ Psychological Capital and Their Levels of Burnout. Journal Education and Science, 43 (193), 63-78. Khashovi, M.S., & Bahrami, M. (2014). The role of psychological empowerment and organizational commitment in teachers. Job burnout, 3(1), 37- 54. (in Persian) Kidwell, R.E., Mossholder, K.W., & Bennett, N. (1997). Cohesiveness and organizational citizenship behavior: a multilevel analysis using work groups and individuals. Journal of Management, 23(6), 775-793. Larkin, M., Cierpial, C., Stack, J., Morrison, V., Griffith, C., (March 31, 2008). Empowerment Theory in Action: The Wisdom of Collaborative Governance "OJIN". The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(2), 1-24. Laschinger, H., Gilbert, S., Smith, L., & Leslie, K. (2010). Towards a comprehensive theory of nurse/patient empowerment: Applying Kanter’s empowerment theory to patient care. Journal of Nursing Management, 18, 4-13. Lee, K., & Allen, N.J. (2002). Organizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance: the role of affect and cognition. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 131-142. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99–113. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M.P. (1999). Take this job and love it! Psychology Today, 32(5), 50–53. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W., & Leiter, M. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Reviews of Psychology, 52, 397–422. Mehrabian, F., Baghizadeh, K., & Alizadeh, I. (2018). The relationship between empowerment, occupational burnout, and job stress among nurses in Rasht Medical Education Centers: A dataset. Journal homepage, Available in: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib Minter, L. R. (2009). Faculty Burnout. Contemporary issues in educational Research, 2(2), 1-8. Mohammadkhani, K., Mohammad Davoodi, A.H., & Razzaqparast, A. (2013). Relationship between Psychological Empowerment, Happiness with Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Islamic Azad University Staff (Tehran Science & Research Branch. Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies, 5(1), 70-81. (in Persian) Muller, M. (1996). Author Response. Journal of obstetric gynecologic and neonatal nursing, 25(16), 464. Orgambídez-Ramos, A., Borrego-Alés, Y., Vázquez-Aguado, O. & March-Amegual, J. (2017). Structural empowerment and burnout among Portuguese nursing staff: An explicative model. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(8), 616-623. Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: the good soldier syndrome. (pp. 1-43). Lexington: Lexington Books. Parizadeh, S., & Bashlideh, K. (2010). The Relationship between Structural Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Occupational Burnout. Journal of Psychology, 23(4), 1-16. (in Persian) Pejuskevic, B., Lecic-Tosevski, D., Priebe, S. &Toskovic, O. (2011). Burnout syndrome among Physician: The role of personality dimension and coping styles. Psychiatric Daubing, 23 (4), 383- 389. Peterson, U., Demerouti, E., Bergstrom, G., Samuelsson, M., Asberg, M., & Nygren, A. (2008). Burnout and physical and mental health among Swedish healthcare workers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62 (1), 84-95. Pishghadam, R., Adamsob, B., Sadafian, S. S. & Kand, F. L. (2014). Conceptions of assessment and teacher burnout. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 21(1), 34–51. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B. & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563. Rahimi Dadkan, N., Nastasizaei, N. (2016). The relationship between job compatibility and psychological empowerment and burnout of faculty members. Research in Medical Education, 8 (4), 19-28. (in Persian) Regan, L. C., Rodriguez, L. (2011). Nurse Empowerment from a Middle-Management Perspective: Nurse Managers' and Assistant Nurse Managers' Workplace Empowerment Views. The Permanent Journal, 15(1), 101-107. Roshandel Arbatani, T., Farhangi, A.A., Rabiee, A. & Radfard, S. (2017). Identifying the Factors of Affecting the Empowerment of Human Resources in Governmental Media Organizations. Public Management Quarterly, 9(3), 517-538. (in Persian) Sadeghi Boroujerdi, S. & Aliabadi, S. (2011). Investigating the situation of disengagement of faculty members of public universities in the western region of the country. First International Conference on Management, Foresight, Entrepreneurship and Industry in Higher Education. Government - Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology - University of Kurdistan. (in Persian) Sadeghian Gharaghieh, S., Shokri, S., Shakeri, Z. & Pourmojrab, G. (2016). Investigating the Impact of HRMP on Job Satisfaction (A Case in University of Tehran). Public Management Quarterly, 8(1), 167-180. (in Persian) Salimi, J., Abdi, A. (2017). On the relationship between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction of teachers: Investigating the mediator role of organizational citizenship behavior. Journal: School Psychology Article, 6(4), 70-98. (in Persian) Sarason, Y. & Banbury, C. (2004). Active Learning Facilitated by Using a Game-Show Format or Who Doesn’t Want to be a Millionaire? Journal of Management Education, 28(4), 509-518.  Schaufeli, W. B. & Enzmann, D. (1998). The burnout companion for research and practice. A critical analysis of theory, assessment, research, and interventions. Taylor & Francis. Sesen, H., Cetin, F., & Basim, N. (2011). The Effect of Burnout on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences, 1(1), 40-64. Smith, C. A., Organ, D., & Near, J.  (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68, 653-663. Soleimani, K., Sharifi, V., Tehranidoust, M. (2006). Occupational Burnout in Psychiatric Staff at Roozbeh Hospital. Advances in Cognitive Sciences, 7 (4), 36-42. (in Persian) Soltaninejad, N., Rashid, A.A., Khanifar, H. (2017). The effect of psychological empowerment and organizational support on improving the job performance of employees of the General Department of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare of Kerman Province. Journal of Cooperation and Agriculture, 7(26), 157-184. (in Persian) Tabarsa, Gh. A., & Ramin Mehr, H. (2011). Provide a model of organizational citizenship behavior. Public Management Perspective, (3), 103-117. (in Persian) Tabarsa, Gh. A., Shokoohyar, S. & Ulfat, M. (2018). The Paradoxical Influence of Job Satisfaction on Destructive Employees’ Voice, Considering the Mediating Role of Social Network Sites and Organizational Commitment. Public Management Quarterly, 10(2), 311-322. (in Persian) Van Emmerik, I.J. H., Jawahar, I. M. & Stone, T. H. (2005). Associations among altruism, burnout dimensions, and organizational citizenship behavior. Work and Stress, 19(1), 93-100. Vatankhah, S., Javid, E., & Raoofi, A. (2017). Perceived organizational support as the mediator of the relationships between high-performance work practices and counter-productive work behavior: Evidence from airline industry Article in Journal of Air Transport Management, 59, 107-115. Weston, R., & Gore, P.A. (2006). A Brief Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. Counseling Psychology, 34 (5), 719-751. Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601-617.
JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.302913.2741 مقاله علمی پژوهشی تأثیرات حکمرانی خوب و اصلاحات مالی بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در بخش صنعت و معدن ایران تأثیرات حکمرانی خوب و اصلاحات مالی بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در بخش صنعت و معدن ایران طبقچی اکبری لاله دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اقتصاد، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران. بابازاده محمود استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران. سامعی قاسم استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران. آخوندزاده یوسفی طاهره استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 263 290 26 06 2020 07 09 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79474.html

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر، تعیین تأثیر شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب (حق اعتراض و پاسخ‌گویی، ثبات سیاسی بدون خشونت، اثربخشی دولت، کیفیت مقررات، حاکمیت قانون و کنترل فساد) و اصلاحات مالی (آزادسازی مالی و توسعه مالی) بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در بخش صنعت و معدن کشور طی دوره زمانی 1375 تا 1397 است. روش: در این پژوهش، برای برآورد اثرهای متغیرها، از روش اقتصادسنجی الگوی خود توضیح برداری با وقفه‌های گسترده استفاده شده است. یافته‌ها: نتایج برآوردها حاکی از آن است که در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت، تأثیر تمامی شاخص‌های اصلاحات مالی بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید مثبت است. در زمینه شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب نیز، در ارتباط با متغیرهای اثربخشی دولت و کیفیت مقررات، شاهد رابطه مثبت و در ارتباط با متغیر کنترل فساد، شاهد رابطه منفی هستیم. تأثیر متغیرهای حق اعتراض و پاسخ‌گویی و حاکمیت قانون نیز در کوتاه‌مدت، منفی و در بلندمدت مثبت است. ثبات سیاسی بدون خشونت نیز بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید بی‌تأثیر است. نتیجه‌گیری: از آنجا که در ایران، شاخص‌های مالی و حکمرانی خوب به سطح ایده‌آل نرسیده‌اند و همچنان در این زمینه، نوسان‌های شایان توجهی را شاهد هستیم، روند مؤلفه‌های بهره‌وری در بخش صنعت و معدن چندان چشمگیر نبوده است. بنابراین عدم بهبود و گسترش این شاخص‌ها، برای روند بهره‌وری بخش صنعت و معدن، عواقب جبران‌ناپذیری به همراه می‌آورد و ضروری به نظر می‌رسد که زمینه‌های تقویت و گسترش بیشتر شاخص‌های اصلاحات مالی و حکمرانی خوب در راستای ارتقای بهره‌وری بخش صنعت و معدن فراهم شود.

 حکمرانی خوب اصلاحات مالی بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید بخش صنعت و معدن بانک مرکزی. (1399). بانک اطلاعات سری‌های زمانی اقتصادی. دسترسی در آدرس زیر:  https://tsd.cbi.ir/Display/Content.aspx بانک مرکزی. 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International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5(6), 118-132. Atrkar Roshan, S., Mousavi, M. H., & Rasouli, F. (2015). Measuring and Analyzing the Productivity Index and Evaluation of Industrial Performance (Kordestan Province). The Macro and Strategic Policies, 3(9), 97-121. (in Persian) Balcerzak, A. P., & Pietrzak, M. B. (2016). Quality of Institutions and Total Factor Productivity in the European Union. Statistics in Transition, 17(3), 497-514. Barkhordari, L. (2016). The Effect of Capital Aaccount Liberalization on Labor Productivity. Master Thesis, Tehran: University of Tehran Alborz Campus. (in Persian) Batuo, M., Mlambo, K., & Asongu, S. (2018). Linkages between Financial Development, Financial Instability, Financial Liberalisation and Economic Growth in Africa. Research in International Business and Finance, 45(3), 168-179. Bayyurt, N., Vildan Serin, Z., & Eban Arıkan, F. (2015). Good Governance and Agricultural Efficiency. Journal of Social and Development Sciences, 6(1), 14-23. Behbudi, D., Barghi Oskooee, M. M., & Mohammadi, R. (2018). The Effects of an Increase in the Investment and the Total Factor Productivity of the Mining Sector on the Value Added and Export of Different Economic Sectors in Iran. Applied Theories of Economics, 4(4), 199-227. (in Persian) Castelnovo, P., Chiara, F. D. B., & Massimo, F. (2019). Quality of Institutions and Productivity of State-Invested Enterprises: International Evidence from Major Telecom Companies. European Journal of Political Economy, 1(58), 102-117. Central Bank. (2020). Economic Time Series Database. Retrieved from https://tsd.cbi.ir/Display/Content.aspx. (in Persian) Central Bank. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.cbi.ir/SimpleList/AnnualReview_fa.aspx.  (in Persian) Cheona, S., Dowallb, D. E., & Songc, D. W. (2010). Evaluating Impacts of Institutional Reforms on Port Efficiency Changes: Ownership, Corporate Structure, and Total Factor Productivity Changes of World Container Ports. Logistics and Transportation Review, 46(4), 546-561. Foster, N., Pöschl, J., & Stehrer, S. (2012). Manufacturing Productivity: Effects of Institutions and Service Sector Innovations. The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, 3(1), 1-16. International Labour Organization. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/. Jiang, Ch., & Zhang, P. (2017). Threshold Effects of Capital Account Liberalization on Productivity: Bootstrap Method in Non-dynamic Panels. Wireless Personal Communications, 102(4), 713-723. Jude, E. (2010). Financial Development and Growth: A Panel Smooth Regression Approach. Journal of Economic Development, 35(1), 15-33. Karimmian, Z., Mohammadi, M., Ghazinoori, S. S., & Zolfagharzadeh Kermani, M. M. (2019). Classification of Governance Features through Policy Networks Using Meta-synthesis Method. Journal of Public Administration, 11(3), 377-402. (in Persian) Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Mastruzzi, M. (2010). The Worldwide Governance Indicators: A Summary of Methodology, Data and Analytical Issues. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 5430, 1-28. Masron, T. A. (2013). Promoting Intra-ASEAN FDI: The Role of AFTA and AIA. Economic Modelling, 31(1), 43-48. McKinsey & Company. (2010). Retrieved from http:// www.mckinsey.com. Mehregan, M. R., Hosseinzadeh, M., & Rabie Servandi, N. (2019). Modeling the Disturbance- Dynamics Model of Human Resources Development in Iran's Oil Industry. Journal of Public Administration, 11(2), 309-338. (in Persian) National Iranian Productivity Organization. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.npo.gov.ir/productivity-indicators-system#71869. (in Persian) Neupane, E. (2013). Efficiency and Productivity of Commercial Banks in Nepal: A Malmquist Index Approach. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 5(2), 220-243. Ni, N., & Liu, Y. (2019). Financial Liberalization and Income Inequality: A Meta-Analysis Based on Cross-Country Studies. China Economic Review, 56(3), 1-17. North, D. C. (2016). Institutions and Economic Theory. The American Economist, 61(1), 72-76. Onoja, J. (2017). Financial Sector Development and Agricultural Productivity. Master's Thesis, San Francisco: University of San Francisco. Parsaeian, Z. (2011). Analyzing the Role of Financial Market Development on Improving Capital Productivity: A Case Study of Industry and Mining. Master Thesis, Tehran: Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran Branch. (in Persian) Procházka, P., & Čermáková, K. (2015). Influence of Selected Institutional Factors on the Economic Growth: Case Open Markets. Procedia Economics and Finance, 30(1), 702-709. Rahmani, T., & Motamedi, S. (2018). The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Capital Formation, Productivity and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Economic Growth and Development research, 8(30), 117-132. (in Persian) Rahnavard, F., Alipour, H., Dehdar, F., Khalili, H. (2019). The Framework of Government-Citizen Relationship in Iran: An Institutional Approach. Journal of Public Administration, 11(1), 27- 46. (in Persian) Rezaei, E. (2012). Looking at The effects of Institutional Factors on TFP Growth In Iranian Economy: A State Space Model. Journal of Economic Modeling Research, 2(6), 43-60. (in Persian) Saghafi, P. (2015). The Effect of Good Governance on Total Factor Productivity in Selected Developing Countries. Master Thesis, Tabriz: Islamic Azad University. (in Persian) Salimi, J., & Maknoon, R. (2018). Qualitative Meta-analysis of Scientific Researches Concerning the Issue of Governance in Iran. Journal of Public Administration, 10(1), 1-30. (in Persian). Samargandi, N. (2018). Determinants of Labor Productivity in MENA Countries. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(5), 1063-1081. Sankoh, L. (2017). Nonlinearity between Financial Development and Productivity Growth in Emerging Markets. Master's Thesis. University of Baltimore. Sayfolahi, N., & Hazeri, H. (2017). The Effect of Financial Development on Labor Productivity: Cointegration Application in Dynamic Panel Data. Financial Monetary Economics, 24(13), 252-271. (in Persian) Serdaroğlu, T. (2015). Financial Openness and Total Factor Productivity in Turkey. Procedia Economics and Finance, 30(1), 848-862. Sethi, P., Chakrabarti, D., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2020). Globalization, Linancial Development and Economic Growth: Perils on the Environmental Sustainability of an Emerging Economy. Journal of Policy Modeling, 42(3), 520-535. Solow, R. (2016). Resources and Economic Growth. The American Economist, 61(1), 52-60. Stiglitz, J. E. (2012). Good Growth and Governance in Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Tashkini, A. (2018). Applied Econometrics with Microfit. Tehran: The Dibagaran Publishers.  (in Persian). Tavares J. (2009). Economic Integration and the Comovement of Stock Returns. Economics Letters, 103(2), 65-67. Valizadeh, A. (2016). The Intersection Effect of Intellectual Capital and Inflation on Industrial Sector,s Performance in Iran. Master Thesis, Tabriz: Islamic Azad University.  (in Persian) World Bank. (2020). World Development Indicators. Retrieved from http://www.worldbank.org/data/onlinedatabases.html. World Bank. (2020). Worldwide Governance Indicators. Retrieved from http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/. Yang, H., Shi, F., Wang, J., & Jing, Zh. (2019). Investigating the Relationship between Financial Liberalization and Capital Flow Waves: A Panel Data Analysis. International Review of Economics & Finance, 59(3), 120-136. Zamanian, Gh., & Abdi, Z. (2016). Estimating the Degree of Protection in Iran's Steel Industry. Journal of Trade Studies, 20(77), 31-58. (in Persian) Zghidi, N., & Abida, Z. (2014). Financial Development, Trade Openness and Economic Growth in North African Countries. The Romanian Economic Journal, 17(53), 91-120.
JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.299633.2719 مقاله علمی پژوهشی طراحی و تبیین مدل تدارکات اجتماعی با هدف کاهش فقر در سازمان‌های حمایتی؛ مفهوم‌پردازی، عوامل مؤثر و پیامدها طراحی و تبیین مدل تدارکات اجتماعی با هدف کاهش فقر در سازمان‌های حمایتی؛ مفهوم‌پردازی، عوامل مؤثر و پیامدها صفری دشتکی محمد گروه مدیریت، واحد بندر دیلم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندردیلم، ایران زارع رضا استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 291 313 26 03 2020 21 09 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79475.html

هدف: در عصر حاکمیت عمومی نوین، برخی دولت‌ها، ارزش‌های اجتماعی همانند کاهش فقر و بیکاری را در قالب سیاست‌های تدارکات اجتماعی تحقق می‌بخشند و از تدارکات خود به‌عنوان اهرمی مهم برای دستیابی به اهداف مختلف اجتماعی استفاده می‌کنند. بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی و تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری و اجرای تدارکات اجتماعی به‌منظور کاهش فقر در سازمان‌های حمایتی استان فارس است. روش: این پژوهش، پژوهشی کیفی است که از روش نظریه‌پردازی داده‌بنیاد بهره می‌برد. در این راستا، با بیست نفر از اساتید دانشگاه، مدیران و کارشناسان کمیته امداد امام خمینی «ره» و سازمان بهزیستی استان فارس که به‌عنوان نمونه آماری و به شیوه هدفمند انتخاب شده بودند، مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته‌ای انجام شد و متن‌های مصاحبه در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان دادند که خط‌مشی اجتماع‌محور به‌منزله پدیده محوری و در تعامل با سایر عوامل موجب شکل‌گیری تدارکات اجتماعی می‌شود. نحوه ارتباط این عوامل در مدل نهایی پژوهش نشان داده شده است. «برنامه‌ریزی اجتماع‌محور»، «توسعه سیاست‌های مشارکت‌آفرین» و «خط‌مشی‌گذاری چندمنظوره» در شکل‌گیری «سیاست‌گذاری تدارکات» تأثیری بسزایی دارند و در نهایت این نگرش، پایه‌ای برای به وجود آمدن پدیده تدارکات اجتماعی می‌شود. نتیجه‌گیری: تدارکات اجتماعی می‌توانند از طریق هم‌افزایی و هم‌آفرینی در جامعه، پیامدها و دستاوردهای ارزشمندی همچون کاهش فقر، توسعه سرمایه‌های اجتماعی، پاسخ‌های نوآورانه به نیاز‌های اجتماعی، ارتقای سلامت اجتماعی، بهینه‌سازی منابع و منافع عمومی و توانمندسازی گروه‌های هدف را در پی داشته باشد.

 تدارکات اجتماعی؛ کاهش فقر؛ نظریه داده‌بنیاد؛ سازمان‌های حمایتی کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره) ایمان، محمدتقی (1393). روش‌شناسی تحقیقات کیفی (چاپ دوم)، قم، پژوهشگاه حوزه و دانشگاه. دانایی­فرد، حسن (1389). استراتژی‌های نظریه‌پردازی، تهران، سمت. زارع، رضا، صفری، محمد (1398)، عوامل مرتبط با فقر مطلق در خانواده‌های تحت پوشش نهادهای حمایتی استان فارس. رفاه اجتماعی، ۱۹ (۷۴)، 47- ۴۷-۹۶. صفری، محمد؛ زارع، رضا؛ شرفیان، یلدا (1398)، طراحی و تبیین مدل جمع‌سپاری مالی الکترونیکی در حمایت‌های اجتماعی: مطالعه‌ای در کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره) استان فارس، فصلنامه علوم مدیریت ایران، 13 (52)، 85-110. عباس زاده، محمد (1391). تأملی بر اعتبار و پایایی در تحقیقات کیفی. جامعه‌شناسی کاربردی، 23(42)، 11-34. نیومن، ویلیام لاورنس (1397). روش‌های پژوهش اجتماعی: رویکردهای کمی و کیفی. (ترجمه ابوالحسن فقیهی و عسل آغاز)، جلد اول، چاپ چهارم، تهران، نشر ترمه. References Abbaszadeh, M., Abbaszadeh, M. (2012). Validity and reliability in qualitative researches. Journal of Applied Sociology, 23(1), 19-34. (in Persian) Arrowsmith, S. (2010). Horizontal policies in public procurement: A taxonomy. Journal of Public Procurement, 10(2), 149–186. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511576041.006. Barraket, J., & Weissman, J. (2009). Social procurement and its implications for social enterprise: A literature review. (Working Paper No. CPNS48). Retrieved from http://eprints.qut.edu. au/29060/ (Accessed 28th May 2015) Barraket, J., Keast, R. & Furneaux, C. (2016). Social procurement and new public governance, st Edition, Routledge, NY. Bovaird, T. (2006). Developing new forms of partnership with the ‘market’ in the procurement of public services. Public Administration. 84(1), 81–102. doi: 10.1111/j.0033-3298.2006.00494.x. Buy Social Canada (2018). A Guide to Social Procurement. Available in: https://ccednet-rcdec.ca/sites/ccednet-rcdec.ca/files/buy_social_canada_social_procurement_guide.pdf. Cision (2018). The Government of Canada Encourages Community Employment Benefits through Infrastructure Projects, News Releases (blog), June 22, 2018, https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/the-government-of-canada-encourages-community-employmentbenefits-through-infrastructure-projects-686257621.html. City of Victoria (2017). Social Enterprise and Social Procurement Task Force. Available in:  http://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/city/mayor-council-committees/task-forces/social-enterprise-and-social-procurement-task-force.html. Costa, B.B.F.D., & Motta, A.L.T.S.D. (2019). Key factors hindering sustainable procurement in the Brazilian public sector: A Delphi study. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 14(2), 152-171. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V14 N2-152-171.  Danaeifard, H. (2011). Strategies of Theory Building, Tehran: SAMT. (in Persian) Delmonicoa, D., Chiappetta Jabbourb, C. J., Farias Pereirac, S. C., De Sousa Jabbourb, A B L., Renwickd, D. W. S. (2018). Unveiling barriers to sustainable public procurement in emerging conomies: Evidence from a leading sustainable supply chain initiative in Latin America, Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 134, 70–79. Edler, J. and Yeow, J. (2016). Connecting demand and supply: the role of intermediation in public procurement of innovation. Research Policy, 45(2), 414-426. Erridge, A. (2007). Public procurement, public value and the Northern Ireland Unemployment Pilot Project. Public Administration, 85(4), 1023–1043. European Commission (2016). Thresholds, 13 October, available at: https://ec.europa.eu/ growth/single-market/public-procurement/rules-implementation/thresholds_en Furneaux, C., & Barraket, J. (2014). Purchasing social good(s): A definition and typology of social procurement. Public Money & Management, 34(4), 265–272. Grandia, J. & Meehan, J. (2017). Public procurement as a policy tool: using procurement to reach desired outcomes in society. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 30(4), 302-309. Hall, P. D. (2011). Historical perspectives on nonprofit organizations in the United States. In R. D. Herman, & Associates (Eds.), The Jossey-Bass handbook of non-profit leadership and management (2nd ed., pp. 3–38). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Iman, M. T. (2015). Philosophy of Human Research Method. Qom: Research Institute of Hawzeh and University. (in Persian)  Kamruzzaman, M. D. (2012). Sustainable Procurement: Scope and Practice in the Public Sector in Bangladesh.  Dissertation for the Degree of Masters in Procurement and Supply Management, Institute of Governance Studies, BRAC University.  Lepage, D. (2014). Exploring Social Procurement. Accelerating Social Impact CCC, Ltd. https://ccednet-rcdec.ca/sites/ccednet-rcdec.ca/files/ccednet/exploring-social-procurement_asi-ccc-report.pdf.  Loosemore, M. (2016). Social procurement in UK construction projects. International Journal of Project Management, 34(2), 133-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.10.005. Mcmurray, A.J., Islam, M.M., Siwar, C., Fien, J., (2013). Sustainable procurement in Malaysian organisations: practices, barriers and opportunities. J. Purchasing Supply Manage. 20 (3), 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2014.02.005. Mendoza Jiménez, J.; Hernández López, M., Franco Escobar, S.E., (2019). Sustainable Public Procurement: From Law to Practice. Sustainability, 11, 63-88. Montalbán-Domingo, L., García-Segura, T., Amalia Sanz, M., Pellicer, E. (2019). Social Sustainability in Delivery and Procurement of Public Construction Contracts, Journal of Management in Engineering, 35(2), 04018065-11. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000674. Munoz, S.A. (2009). Social enterprise and public sector voices on procurement. Social Enterprise Journal, 5(1), 69–82. doi:10.1108/17508610910956417 Mupanemunda, M. (2019). Social procurement Creating employment opportunities through purchasing expenditure. Research & Policycentre, http://library.bsl.org.au/jspui/bitstream /1/11417/1/Mupanemunda_Social_procurement_2019.pdf. Newman, W. L. (2017). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approachs. (Translated by Abolhassan Faghihi and Asal Aghaz). Tehran: Termeh Publishing. (in Persian) Osborne, S. P. (2010). The new public governance: Emerging perspectives on the theory and practice of public governance. London: Routledge. Roman, A.V. (2017). Institutionalizing sustainability: a structural equation model of sustainable procurement in US public agencies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 1048 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.014. Safari Dashtaki, M., Zare, R., sharafiyan, Y. (2018). Designing and explaining the model of electronic financial crowdsourcing in social supports A survey in Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, Fars province. Iranian journal of management sciences, 13(52), 70-90. (in Persian) Schulten, T., Alsos, K., Burgess, P., & Pedersen, K. (2012). Pay and other Social clauses in European public procurement: An overview on regulation and practices with a focus on Denmark, Germany, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Study on behalf of the European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU) Düsseldorf, December Social Procurement Action Group (SPAG) (2012). Social Procurement in NSW: A Guide to Achieving Social Value through Public Sector Procurement. https://www.socialtraders.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Social-Procurement-in-NSW-Full-Guide.pdf. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc. Temple, N. (2013). The Social Value Act is opening doors and encouraging cross-sector working, but there are still challenges, says Nick Temple, theguardian.com. Tuesday 24 September 2013. Uyarra, E. (2016). The impact of public procurement of innovation. In Edler, J., Cunningham, P., Gök, A. and Shapira, P. (Eds), Handbook of Innovation Policy Impact, Edward Elgar, pp. 355-381. Van Lange, P. A. M., De Cremer, D., Van Dijk, E., & Van Vugt, M. (2007). Self-interest and beyond: Basic principles of social interaction. In A. Kruglanski, & E. Higgins, (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed.) (pp. 540–561). New York: Guilford. Victorian Government (2018). Victoria’s social procurement framework Building a fair, inclusive and sustainable Victoria through procurement, https://www.buyingfor.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-08/Victorias-Social-Procurement-Framework.PDF Zare, R., Safari, M. (2019). Analysis of Factors Affecting Incidence of Poverty in Families Receiving Support from Aid Organizations: A Case Study of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Fars Province, Iran. Refahj, 19 (74), 47-96. (in Persian)_||_ Abbaszadeh, M., Abbaszadeh, M. (2012). Validity and reliability in qualitative researches. Journal of Applied Sociology, 23(1), 19-34. (in Persian) Arrowsmith, S. (2010). Horizontal policies in public procurement: A taxonomy. Journal of Public Procurement, 10(2), 149–186. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511576041.006. Barraket, J., & Weissman, J. (2009). Social procurement and its implications for social enterprise: A literature review. (Working Paper No. CPNS48). Retrieved from http://eprints.qut.edu. au/29060/ (Accessed 28th May 2015) Barraket, J., Keast, R. & Furneaux, C. (2016). Social procurement and new public governance, st Edition, Routledge, NY. Bovaird, T. (2006). Developing new forms of partnership with the ‘market’ in the procurement of public services. Public Administration. 84(1), 81–102. doi: 10.1111/j.0033-3298.2006.00494.x. Buy Social Canada (2018). A Guide to Social Procurement. Available in: https://ccednet-rcdec.ca/sites/ccednet-rcdec.ca/files/buy_social_canada_social_procurement_guide.pdf. Cision (2018). The Government of Canada Encourages Community Employment Benefits through Infrastructure Projects, News Releases (blog), June 22, 2018, https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/the-government-of-canada-encourages-community-employmentbenefits-through-infrastructure-projects-686257621.html. City of Victoria (2017). Social Enterprise and Social Procurement Task Force. Available in:  http://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/city/mayor-council-committees/task-forces/social-enterprise-and-social-procurement-task-force.html. Costa, B.B.F.D., & Motta, A.L.T.S.D. (2019). Key factors hindering sustainable procurement in the Brazilian public sector: A Delphi study. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 14(2), 152-171. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V14 N2-152-171.  Danaeifard, H. (2011). Strategies of Theory Building, Tehran: SAMT. (in Persian) Delmonicoa, D., Chiappetta Jabbourb, C. J., Farias Pereirac, S. C., De Sousa Jabbourb, A B L., Renwickd, D. W. S. (2018). Unveiling barriers to sustainable public procurement in emerging conomies: Evidence from a leading sustainable supply chain initiative in Latin America, Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 134, 70–79. Edler, J. and Yeow, J. (2016). Connecting demand and supply: the role of intermediation in public procurement of innovation. Research Policy, 45(2), 414-426. Erridge, A. (2007). Public procurement, public value and the Northern Ireland Unemployment Pilot Project. Public Administration, 85(4), 1023–1043. European Commission (2016). Thresholds, 13 October, available at: https://ec.europa.eu/ growth/single-market/public-procurement/rules-implementation/thresholds_en Furneaux, C., & Barraket, J. (2014). Purchasing social good(s): A definition and typology of social procurement. Public Money & Management, 34(4), 265–272. Grandia, J. & Meehan, J. (2017). Public procurement as a policy tool: using procurement to reach desired outcomes in society. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 30(4), 302-309. Hall, P. D. (2011). Historical perspectives on nonprofit organizations in the United States. In R. D. Herman, & Associates (Eds.), The Jossey-Bass handbook of non-profit leadership and management (2nd ed., pp. 3–38). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Iman, M. T. (2015). Philosophy of Human Research Method. Qom: Research Institute of Hawzeh and University. (in Persian)  Kamruzzaman, M. D. (2012). Sustainable Procurement: Scope and Practice in the Public Sector in Bangladesh.  Dissertation for the Degree of Masters in Procurement and Supply Management, Institute of Governance Studies, BRAC University.  Lepage, D. (2014). Exploring Social Procurement. Accelerating Social Impact CCC, Ltd. https://ccednet-rcdec.ca/sites/ccednet-rcdec.ca/files/ccednet/exploring-social-procurement_asi-ccc-report.pdf.  Loosemore, M. (2016). Social procurement in UK construction projects. International Journal of Project Management, 34(2), 133-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.10.005. Mcmurray, A.J., Islam, M.M., Siwar, C., Fien, J., (2013). Sustainable procurement in Malaysian organisations: practices, barriers and opportunities. J. Purchasing Supply Manage. 20 (3), 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2014.02.005. Mendoza Jiménez, J.; Hernández López, M., Franco Escobar, S.E., (2019). Sustainable Public Procurement: From Law to Practice. Sustainability, 11, 63-88. Montalbán-Domingo, L., García-Segura, T., Amalia Sanz, M., Pellicer, E. (2019). Social Sustainability in Delivery and Procurement of Public Construction Contracts, Journal of Management in Engineering, 35(2), 04018065-11. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000674. Munoz, S.A. (2009). Social enterprise and public sector voices on procurement. Social Enterprise Journal, 5(1), 69–82. doi:10.1108/17508610910956417 Mupanemunda, M. (2019). Social procurement Creating employment opportunities through purchasing expenditure. Research & Policycentre, http://library.bsl.org.au/jspui/bitstream /1/11417/1/Mupanemunda_Social_procurement_2019.pdf. Newman, W. L. (2017). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approachs. (Translated by Abolhassan Faghihi and Asal Aghaz). Tehran: Termeh Publishing. (in Persian) Osborne, S. P. (2010). The new public governance: Emerging perspectives on the theory and practice of public governance. London: Routledge. Roman, A.V. (2017). Institutionalizing sustainability: a structural equation model of sustainable procurement in US public agencies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 1048 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.014. Safari Dashtaki, M., Zare, R., sharafiyan, Y. (2018). Designing and explaining the model of electronic financial crowdsourcing in social supports A survey in Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, Fars province. Iranian journal of management sciences, 13(52), 70-90. (in Persian) Schulten, T., Alsos, K., Burgess, P., & Pedersen, K. (2012). Pay and other Social clauses in European public procurement: An overview on regulation and practices with a focus on Denmark, Germany, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Study on behalf of the European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU) Düsseldorf, December Social Procurement Action Group (SPAG) (2012). Social Procurement in NSW: A Guide to Achieving Social Value through Public Sector Procurement. https://www.socialtraders.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Social-Procurement-in-NSW-Full-Guide.pdf. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc. Temple, N. (2013). The Social Value Act is opening doors and encouraging cross-sector working, but there are still challenges, says Nick Temple, theguardian.com. Tuesday 24 September 2013. Uyarra, E. (2016). The impact of public procurement of innovation. In Edler, J., Cunningham, P., Gök, A. and Shapira, P. (Eds), Handbook of Innovation Policy Impact, Edward Elgar, pp. 355-381. Van Lange, P. A. M., De Cremer, D., Van Dijk, E., & Van Vugt, M. (2007). Self-interest and beyond: Basic principles of social interaction. In A. Kruglanski, & E. Higgins, (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed.) (pp. 540–561). New York: Guilford. Victorian Government (2018). Victoria’s social procurement framework Building a fair, inclusive and sustainable Victoria through procurement, https://www.buyingfor.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-08/Victorias-Social-Procurement-Framework.PDF Zare, R., Safari, M. (2019). Analysis of Factors Affecting Incidence of Poverty in Families Receiving Support from Aid Organizations: A Case Study of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Fars Province, Iran. Refahj, 19 (74), 47-96. (in Persian)
JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.298353.2707 مقاله علمی پژوهشی ناکامی سازمانی و رهبری مصلح: نظریه داده‌بنیاد ناکامی سازمانی و رهبری مصلح: نظریه داده‌بنیاد حکاک محمد دانشیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران. آزادی محمد حسین دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت منابع انسانی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 314 345 27 03 2020 17 08 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79476.html

هدف: با مروری بر نظریه‌های صفات رهبری تا نظریه‌های رفتار رهبری و نظریه‌های اقتضایی در مسیر توسعه نظریه‌های رهبری در مدیریت، مشخص می‌شود که چگونه اغلب این نظریه‌ها، به رهبران و توانمندی‌های آنان در راستای اهداف سازمان، با دیدی مثبت و سازنده نگریسته‌اند. پژوهش حاضر، درصدد بررسی شکل‌گیری پدیده دیالکتیکی ناکامی/ امید و استخراج قضایایی منتج ‌شده از ظهور رهبر مصلح در سازمان است. روش: این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از لحاظ ماهیت، توصیفی است و در آن از راهبرد پژوهشی نظریه داده‌بنیاد با روش استراوس و کوربین استفاده شده است. به اتکای تحلیل مصاحبه‌های عمیق انجام ‌شده با 17 نفر از کارکنان سازمانی منتصب به دولت در یکی از استان‌های کشور، فرایند پدیده بررسی ‌شده کشف شد و یافته‌ها به‌صورت مجموعه‌ای از قضایا تدوین شده و در قالب مدلی از روابط علی ترسیم شدند. یافته‌ها: در مرحله کدگذاری باز، 30 مقوله و 159 مفهوم استخراج شدند. در مرحله کدگذاری محوری، بر اساس مفاهیم مقوله محوری، شرایط علی، راهبرد، بستر، شرایط مداخله‌گر و پیامدها، مدل پارادایمی ارائه شد و در مرحله کدگذاری انتخابی نیز مدل نظری برخاسته از یافته‌های پژوهش تشریح شد. نتیجه‌گیری: ویژگی‌های رهبران سازمان مثل عمل‌گرا، مصمم و قاطع، هدف‌گرا، پایبند به آرمان، سرشار از معنویت، نوع‌دوست، خودکنترل و اخلاق‌گرا، می‌توانند زمینه‌های ناکامی کارکنان از جمله تضاد و بی‌عدالتی، سرکوب‌کنندگی، رعب‌آوری، جو خفقان و عذاب‌آور را از بین ببرند. از طرف دیگر، برآورده شدن نیازهای ارضانشده کارکنان، تقویت ویژگی‌هایی مثل تقوا، دل‌سوزی، دغدغه‌مندی و ازخودگذشتگی در کارکنان، می‌توانند ادراک بهبود وضعیت سازمان را نهادینه کنند.

 دیالکتیک ناکامی/ امید رهبر مصلح نظریه داده‌بنیاد سازمان مسموم اردلان، امید؛ الوانی، سید محمد و محمدی فاتح، اصغر (۱۳۹۵). «طراحی و تدوین الگوی مناسب شایستگی‌های مدیران و فرماندهان در سازمان ارتش ج.آ.آ با بهره‌گیری از دیدگاه اما خامنه‌ای (مدظله‌العالی)». پژوهش‌های مدیریت منابع انسانی، 8(1)، ۳۰-۲۱. اسدی‌فر، رویا؛ خائف‌الهی، احمدعلی؛ رضائیان، علی (1388). مدل شایستگی مدیران دولتی ایران بر اساس صحیفه امام (ره) رویکرد استراتژی تئوری داده‌بنیاد. مدیریت دولتی، 3(8)، 75- 92. عباس‌پور، عباس؛ رحیمیان، حمید؛ غیاثی ندوشن، سعید؛ نرگسیان، جواد (1397). ارائه مدل انتخاب کارکنان مستعد در سازمان‌های دولتی. مدیریت دولتی، 10(4)، 605- 628. عسکری‌پور، محمدرضا؛ متقی پیشه، محمدحسین؛ شیخی، ایوب (1399). تأثیر رهبری خدمتگزار بر رفتار کاری نوآورانه در بخش دولتی ایران: تحلیل نقش میانجی انگیزه خدمت عمومی و نقش تعدیلگر مهارت سیاسی. مدیریت دولتی، 12(1)، 64-84. قنبری، سیروس؛ زندی، خلیل؛ محمدی، محمدفائق؛ احمدیان‌فر، سهیلا (1393). تسهیل آوای سازمانی از طریق رهبری قابل ‌اعتماد: رویکردی به تعاملات رهبرـ پیرو. مدیریت دولتی، 7(4)، 865- 882. محمدیان، بهزاد؛ زارعی متین، حسن؛ باباشاهی، جبار؛ یزدانی، حمیدرضا (1397). تواضع درون‌سازمانی: شایستگی‌محوری در رهبری سازمان‌های عصر جدید. مدیریت دولتی، 10(4)، 563- 582. 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Scale development and construct clarification of servant leadership. Group & Organization Management, 31(3), 300–326. Benefiel, M. (2005). The second half of the journey: Spiritual leadership for organizational transformation. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 723–747. Blake, R., & Mouton, J. (1964). The managerial grid: The key to leadership excellence. Houston: Gulf Publishing Co, 350. Boyatzis, R. E., Smith, M. L., Van Oosten, E., & Woolford, L. (2013). Developing resonant leaders through emotional intelligence, vision and coaching. Organizational Dynamics, 42(1), 17–24. Bradbury, H., & Reason, P. (2006). Conclusion: Broadening the bandwidth of validity: Issues and choice-points for improving the quality of action research. Handbook of action research, 343-351.‏ Brown, M. E., Treviño, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117–134. Brown, S. P., & Leigh, T. W. (1996). A new look at psychological climate and its relationship to job involvement, effort, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 358. Cai, W., Lysova, E., Khapova, S., & Bossink, B. (2018). The effects of servant leadership, meaningful work and job autonomy on innovative work behavior in Chinese high-tech firms: A moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01767 Chen, P. Y., & Spector, P. E. (1992). Relationships of work stressors with aggression, withdrawal, theft and substance use: An exploratory study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65(3), 177–184. Chewning, L. V., Lai, C.-H., & Doerfel, M. L. (2013). Organizational Resilience and Using Information and Communication Technologies to Rebuild Communication Structures. Management Communication Quarterly, 27(2), 237–263. Colbert, A. E., Mount, M. K., Harter, J. K., Witt, L. A., & Barrick, M. R. (2004). Interactive effects of personality and perceptions of the work situation on workplace deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 599. Davis, J. H., Schoorman, F. D., & Donaldson, L. (1997). Toward a stewardship theory of management. Academy of Management Review, 22(1), 20–47. Derycke, H., Vlerick, P., Burnay, N., Decleire, C., D’Hoore, W., Hasselhorn, H., & Braeckman, L. (2010). Impact of the effort–reward imbalance model on intent to leave among Belgian health care workers: A prospective study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(4), 879–893. Donaldson, L., & Davis, J. H. (1991). Stewardship theory or agency theory: CEO governance and shareholder returns. Australian Journal of Management, 16(1), 49–64. Fiedler, F.E. (1967). A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness. Mcgraw-Hill Series in Management. Frost, P. J. (2007). Toxic emotions at work and what you can do about them. Harvard Business Press. Fry, L. W. (2003). 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JPA دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران مدیریت دولتی 2008-5877 دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران 93 10.22059/jipa.2020.295185.2678 مقاله علمی پژوهشی ارائه الگوی مدیریت ریسک منابع انسانی در صنعت بانکداری بر اساس تحلیل داده‌بنیاد (مورد‌ مطا‌لعه: بانک‌های ملت تهران) ارائه الگوی مدیریت ریسک منابع انسانی در صنعت بانکداری بر اساس تحلیل داده‌بنیاد (مورد‌ مطا‌لعه: بانک‌های ملت شاه حسینی محمدعلی دانشیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. کیماسی مسعود استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. فیاضی مرجان استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. خدادادیان محمدرضا دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت منابع انسانی، پردیس کیش دانشگاه تهران، کیش، ایران. 21 12 2020 12 2 346 376 12 01 2020 19 08 2020 Copyright © 2020, دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران. 2020 https://jipa.ut.ac.ir/article_79477.html

هدف: شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی ریسک‌های منابع انسانی، تحت الگویی جامع با توجه به مؤلفه‌های زمانی و تشخیص بهترین تصمیم‌گیری برای سازمان‌های مالی و مؤسسه‌های اعتباری در راستای کاهش ریسک، هدف اصلی و اساسی این پژوهش انتخاب شده است. روش: روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع روش پژوهش کیفی است و در آن، برای بررسی مسائل پیچیده چندوجهی، از روش تحلیل داده‌‌بنیاد به‌عنوان روشی دقیق و نظام‌‌مند بهره برده شده است. مشارکت‌کنندگان پژوهش نیز مدیران منابع انسانی خبره شعبات بانک ملت شهر تهران در نظر گرفته شدند که بر حوزه منابع انسانی و عملکرد بانکی در بازار مالی، اشراف کاملی داشتند. یافته‌ها: با توجه به روش پژوهش، فرایند کدگذاری و طبقه‌بندی بر اساس سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، کدگذاری محوری و کدگذاری انتخابی انجام گرفت که خروجی‌های این سه مرحله در قالب نکات کلیدی، کدها، مفاهیم و مقوله‌هایی ارائه شدند. در حین و پس از گردآوری، داده‌ها چندین مرتبه بررسی شدند و با شناسایی نکات کلیدی، کدهای مرتبط احصا شدند که در مجموع، از داده‌های گردآوری ‌شده، 301 کد (برچسب) به‌دست آمدند و از طریق منطق کدگذاری به 107 مفهوم و در نهایت 22 مقوله در رابطه با موضوع اصلی پژوهش تبدیل شدند. نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس مدل پژوهش، الگوی مدیریت ریسک منابع انسانی، فقط در گروی کاهش ریسک‌هایی نظیر جابه‌جایی کارکنان یا عملکرد ضعیف آنان نیست، بلکه به متعادل کردن ریسک مربوط است و به این موضوع می‌پردازد که چه زمانی باید ریسک‌پذیر بود و چه زمانی نباید ریسک کرد. بنابراین بررسی همه ابعاد ریسک منابع ‌انسانی در مدل، می‌تواند هم‌افزایی اجزای مدل را افزایش دهد.

 ریسک مدیریت ریسک منابع انسانی تحلیل داده‌بنیاد بانک ملت ابراهیمی، الهام؛ قلی‌پور، آرین؛ مقیمی، سیدمحمد؛ قالیباف اصل، حسن (1396). تحلیل و سنجش ریسک‌های منابع انسانی با به‌کارگیری تکنیک‌های دیمتل فازی و مشابهت فازی. مدیریت فرهنگ سازمانی، 15(1)، 1-23. اسماعیل نژاد آهنگرانی، مجید (1391). اصول و مفاهیم مدیریت ریسک. مدیریت پژوهش و ریسک بانک سینا. اردستانی، عباس صالح؛ ورزشکار، هادی (1395). نقش سرمایه انسانی در افزایش بازدهی سرمایه‌گذاری بر پایه مدل سه شاخکی، فصل‌نامهپژوهش‌هایمدیریتمنابعانسانی، 8(2)، 209-231. بازرگان، عباس (1387). مقدمه‌ای بر روش‌های تحقیق کیفی و آمیخته، رویکردهای متداول در علوم رفتاری، تهران: دیدار. قلی پور، آرین؛ ابراهیمی، الهام (1395). مدیریت ریسک منابع انسانی، فرهنگ سازمانی، 9(32)، 73-96. میرطالب، سید حامد (1395). نقش مدیریت ریسک بر مدیریت منابع انسانی، فصلنامه علمی تخصصی معاونت مهندس ناجا، 31 (1)، 89-112. میرمحمد­صادقی، علی­رضا؛ توکلی، محمد­رضا (1378). تحلیل بررسی و ضرورت تکامل مدل‌های تلفیقی مدیریت ریسک و مدریت ارزش، سومین کنفرانس ملی مهندسی ارزش. 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